Social Loafing and Recommendations on How to Reduce Its...

Social Loafing and Recommendations on How to Reduce Its Occurrence within Groups Working on University Poster Presentations Abstract Social loafing occurs in groups and reduces group effectiveness and productivity. Various literatures on social loafing reviewed suggest that the group size, the identifiably of the participants, the evaluation of their performance, people’s beliefs about their feelings of uniqueness, envy, task difficulty, how people’s beliefs about their feelings of uniqueness and expectations of co-workers are variables that influence social loafing in a group. Based on the literatures, a better understanding of social loafing was reached and some recommendations on how to†¦show more content†¦The first experiment to suggest a possible decrement in individual motivation as a result of working in a group was conducted over 70 years ago by a German psychologist named Max Ringelmann (Latane et al 1979; Karau Williams 1993). In the experiment, he had people pull on a rope either alone or in groups. He noticed that, as more and more people are added to a group pulling on a ro pe, the total force exerted by the group rose, but the average force exerted by each group member declined. In addition, the results show an inverse relationship between the size of a group and the magnitude of group members individual contribution to the accomplishment of the task. Latane et al. (1979) continued Ringelmann study by conducting an experiment in which they had participants clap and shout, either alone or as a member of a group. Researchers measured how loud the participants clapped and shouted in various conditions and found that participants in the group condition clapped and shouted significantly less loudly than those in the alone condition. The researchers reasoned that social loafing occurred because people assume that other members of the group will not pull their own weight, and, therefore, they should not work any harder than their fellow group members. In addition,Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesPre-loaded, ready-to-use assignments and presentations www.wiley.com/college/quickstart Technical Support 24/7 FAQs, online chat, and phone support www.wileyplus.com/support Your WileyPLUS Account Manager Training and implementation support www.wileyplus.com/accountmanager MAKE IT YOURS! Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Tenth Edition David A. DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Read MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesconsent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007007922 ISBN: 978–1–59158–408–7 978–1–59158–406–3 (pbk.) First published in 2007 Libraries Unlimited, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 A Member of the Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.lu.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To our grandchildren